The notion of thinking in Descartes
Thinking for Descartes appeared as something incorporeal, spiritual. Moreover, thinking is the only attribute of the soul, and it makes constant thought process going on in the soul, ie, She always knows about what is going on inside it. This means that there is no unconscious psyche. The soul - this thinking substance, the whole essence or nature of which is the same mentality. Treasury of the soul - the desire and will. They are not related to bodily processes. They also include the internal emotions of the soul, ie, emotions to "Intangible objects", for example, intellectual joy of knowledge. The soul is connected with the body, especially the brain - it is in the pituitary gland.
Descartes understood the psyche of both the inner world of man, available introspection, with a special - spiritual - life. This introspection is similar to the so-called "internal vision", which subsequently became known as introspection, which meant to see, or rather, to understand the essence of vnutripsihicheskih objects - images, mental action, strong-willed acts, etc.
As a method of cognition Descartes used systematic doubt. That is, should be assured in all, irrespective of whether it seems to us a natural or superhuman. Descartes, however, stressed that the method of doubt is used only if necessary to obtain a scientific truth, because life is often to understand the essence of things and events to use plausible or probable knowledge.
Doubts extends widely, but primarily covers the feelings and sensual world, ie Descartes argues that the desire to know the objective reality is not to rely on the senses, as they are not always correctly reflect her.
Thus, Descartes uses research the reality of an entirely new way - questioning everything. He refused to describe the objective and relies solely on the subjective, ie, its thoughts and doubts.